Rule Definition
It is a good practice to extend the struts Action class, and all specific Actions should inherit from it. With such inheritance tree, the basic action class (those inheriting from Struts Action class) implements the methods shared by all the Action class to avoid code redundancy.

Remediation
Have Action Class inherit from one single extension of Struts Action Class that is abstract or have an abstract method.

Violation Code Sample

Public  class MyAction extends Action { // VIOLATION
   public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest  request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      // Some code
   }
}

Fixed Code Sample

Public  class MyBaseAction extends Action {
   public ActionForward execute(ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest  request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      //Call all common methods
      commonTasks();
      return executeSpecificTask(mapping,form,
                                                   request,response);
      }

     private void commonTasks() {
     //Code for common tasks
    }

   //Provide implementation of this method in sub-classes
   public abstract ActionForward executeSpecificTask (ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception;
}

Public  class MyAction extends MyBaseAction { // FIXED
    public ActionForward executeSpecificTask (ActionMapping mapping, ActionForm form, HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception {
      // some code
   }
}

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